Animal/Pet Therapy
Animal-assisted therapy is being used in a wide variety of settings to help people with acute and chronic illnesses. This is based on the many physiological and psychological benefits documented in patients during interactions with animals. These include lowered blood pressure and heart rate, increased beta-endorphin levels, decreased stress levels, reduced feelings of anger, hostility, tension and anxiety, improved social functioning, and increased feelings of empowerment, trust, patience and self-esteem. Animal therapy is looked upon as both learning and healing experience. Participants in animal-assisted activities are often then able to transfer those skills to their own social environments,
GOALS
Increase verbal interactions, attention skills, staying on task.
Increase self-esteem.
Reduce anxiety.
Reduce loneliness.
Motivational.
Improve willingness to be involved in a group activity.
Improve interactions with others.
Improve interactions with staff.
Increase exercise.
BENEFITS (Compliments of The Delta Society)
Empathy: (Identifying with and understanding the feelings and motives of another).
Outward Focus: (Bringing individuals out of themselves). Useful for individuals who have mental illness or low self-esteem; rather than thinking and talking about themselves and their problems they watch and talk to and about the animals.
Nurturing: (Promoting the growth and development of another living thing.) This is useful where nurturing skills have not been learned through the traditional channel of their parents. Psychologically, when a person nurtures, his/her need to be nurtured is being fulfilled.
Rapport: (A relationship of mutual trust or a feeling of connection or bonding.) Animals can open a channel of emotionally safe, non-threatening communication between a client and other participants. In this type of learning environment, animals help present an air of emotional safety. When a facilitator has an animal present in a session, s/he "can't be all bad." The animal helps open a path through the person's initial resistance.
Acceptance: (Favorable reception or approval.) Animals have a way of accepting without a care of how a person looks or what they say. An animal's acceptance is nonjudgmental, forgiving, and uncomplicated by the psychological games people play.
Entertainment: At a minimum, the presence of an animal can be entertaining. Even people who don't like animals often enjoy watching their antics and reactions. Especially in residential facilities, most everyone is entertained by the animal’s fun in some way.
Socialization: (Seeking out or enjoying the company of others.) Studies have shown that when dogs are included in healthcare environments, there is more laughter and interaction among residents than during any other "therapy" or entertainment time. In an inpatient setting, the presence of animals encourages socialization in 3 ways: between clients, between clients and staff, and between clients, staff, and family or other visitors. Staff members have reported that it is easier to talk to residents during and after animal interaction and some have reported that it is an especially pleasant time for most.
Mental Stimulation: Mental stimulation occurs because of increased communication with other people, recalled memories, and the entertainment provided by the animals. In situations that are depressing or institutional, the presence of the animals serves to brighten the atmosphere, increasing amusement, laughter, and play. These positive distractions may help to decrease people's feelings of isolation or alienation.
Physical Contact, Touch: Much has been written about the correlation between touch and health. For some people, touch from another person is often invasive or unacceptable, but the warm, furry touch of a dog or cat is safe, non-threatening, and pleasant. Having an animal to hold, hug, and touch can make a world of difference to people who progressing through recovery as many people are better able to relax when animals are present. Tests have shown that the normalization in heart rate and blood pressure can be dramatic
Something More: When they are with animals, some people feel spiritual fulfillment or a sense of oneness with life and nature. Some well-known authors have described their relationships with animals and nature as part of their sustaining life energy and/or part of their communion and relationship with God. Albert Schweitzer, George W. Carver, and J. Allen Boone (author of Kinship with All Life), among others, often expressed this "something more" in their writing and work. Animal-assisted activities programs are endorsed by healthcare providers as effective and beneficial interventions for rehabilitative programs overall.